What Are Mutual Funds (and Why Banks Push Them)

Mutual funds are pooled investment products managed by a bank or asset manager. While the concept is simple, the fees are not — and that’s exactly why big banks love them.

Most Canadian mutual funds still charge:

  • 2.0%–2.5% MERs

  • Trading expense ratios (TERs)

  • Embedded trailing commissions (still present in some legacy funds)

  • High-cost active management fees

Meanwhile, similar ETF exposure costs 0.05%–0.25%. That’s almost 2% taken away from your profit. That’s years of hard work on your part going into the bank’s pockets, or event the mutual fund salesperson.

Why banks push mutual funds

Because high fees = high profits.

Banks report these revenues inside broad categories like “Asset Management Fees” or “Wealth Management,” keeping the real profitability hidden but very real.

✔ Predictable annual fee revenue
✔ High stickiness (investors rarely switch)
✔ Advisor compensation tied to fund sales
✔ Higher margins than ETFs

💡 Did You Know?

The average Canadian mutual fund fee remains ~2%. Even after two decades of pressure. That’s how poor the investor education is.

Why Canadian Investors Should Avoid Mutual Funds

High Fees Destroy Your Long-Term Returns

Even a 1% fee difference costs you hundreds of thousands over 30 years.

  • Mutual fund MER: 2.00%

  • ETF MER: 0.20%

  • Difference: 1.80% every year

That fee drag compounds against you.

Mutual Funds Consistently Underperform

More than 85% of Canadian actively managed funds underperform their index over long periods.

You’re paying more for less.

Hidden Trailer Fees = Conflict of Interest

Although some rules have changed, banks historically sold funds based on trailer commissions paid to advisors.

Even today, many bank-based advisors still prioritize:

  • proprietary bank funds

  • “premium” active funds

  • in-house products with higher fee margins

Not because they’re better — but because they’re profitable.

Lack of Transparency

Mutual funds disclose:

  • holdings monthly or quarterly

  • fees in multiple layers

  • limited information on tax efficiency

ETFs disclose holdings daily and fees are simple and clear.

Mutual Funds vs ETFs: The Real Cost Difference

Here is what a 30-year cost comparison looks like with a $100,000 investment and 6% market return:

Investment

MER

Ending Value

Fees Paid

ETF

0.20%

$515,000

$38,000

Mutual Fund

2.00%

$322,000

$231,000

Difference

$193,000 lost

6× more fees

Mutual funds don’t just cost more — they erase decades of growth, and add years work delaying retirement.

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How Banks Sell Mutual Funds to Canadians

Bank advisors are trained to sell high-margin in-house funds. Here are the common lines Canadians hear:

“ETFs are too risky.” False. Many ETFs simply track indexes.

“Our mutual fund outperformed the market.” Usually cherry-picked timeframes or survivorship bias (bad funds get shut down).

“You need a professional manager.” ETFs are professionally managed — but without the harmful costs.

Behind the scenes:

✔ Bank advisors are compensated on fund sales
✔ Banks profit more from mutual funds than ETFs
✔ Sales quotas encourage pushing fee-heavy products

Should You Ever Invest in Mutual Funds?

In 2025, mutual funds make sense for very few Canadians:

  • Employer plans without ETF options (standard employment benefit setup)

  • Very specialized strategies unavailable as ETFs

  • Legacy holdings with huge unrealized capital gains

For 99% of Canadians, ETFs are objectively better.

What to Invest in Instead (Beginner-Friendly)

ETFs offer lower fees, global diversification, and automatic portfolio construction. Index investing is the easiest investment strategy for any investors!

ETF

MER

Allocation

VEQT

0.24%

100% equity

VGRO

0.22%

80/20 growth

VBAL

0.22%

60/40 balanced

XEQT

~0.20%

100% equity

ZEQT

~0.20%

100% equity

Three steps to ditch mutual funds forever

Getting started on your own is much easier than you think. The blueprint to your first $100K and more starts with these 3 steps.

  1. Open a discount brokerage (Questrade, Wealthsimple, TD Direct, BMO, RBC, Scotia)

  2. Pick one ETF based on your risk profile

  3. Automate contributions and let compounding work

This alone puts you ahead of most investors stuck in mutual funds.

Final Thoughts

If you want to build long-term wealth in Canada, avoiding mutual funds is one of the simplest, highest-impact decisions you can make.

ETFs offer:

  • dramatically lower costs

  • better long-term performance

  • daily transparency

  • easier diversification

  • no hidden fees or sales conflicts

You don’t need to pay 2% to get market returns.
You can get them for 0.20% — or less.

Mutual funds had their time. ETFs are the future.

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